水生植物在河流健康评价中的应用研究进展

Application of aquatic macrophytes in river health assessment: a review

水生植物是河流生态系统中的初级生产者,积累了一定时期的水文、物理和化学压力,不仅具有很好的环境指示作用,而且能够很好的反映河流生态系统的健康状况。基于水生植物的评价方法有指示物种法、多指标植物指数法和预测模型法。重点阐述了三种评价方法的研究现状,分析了其特点和适用性;指出了现有水生植物评价方法所存在的问题,得出我国今后应该建立水生植物多要素综合评价方法,根据各评价指标对河流生态系统健康状况的贡献大小,对指标体系内的指标进行赋权,进而计算其综合得分;提出了今后我国利用水生植物评价河流健康状况的措施。

Aquatic macrophytes, accumulated a certain period of hydrological, physical and chemical stresses, is the primary producer in river ecosystems. Aquatic macrophytes not only have a good indicative function of the environment, but also can greatly reflect the status of river ecosystem health. The assessment methods based on aquatic macrophytes consist of indicator indices, multimetric indices and predictive models. This paper mainly introduced the research progress of aquatic macrophytes assessment methods, and analyzed the characteristics and applicabilities of different assessment methods. Furthermore, we pointed out the related existing problems of aquatic macrophytes assessment methods, which indicated that multi-factors comprehensive assessment method should be set up in the future. According to the contribution of assessment index to the river ecosystem health, we can give weighs for the indices, so as to calculate the comprehensive score. Finally, we put forward some suggestions of aquatic plants used for river health assessment in future.