原发性高血压患者心电图P波异常对病情判断的意义

Significance of abnormal P wave of electrocardiogram for disease judgment in primary hypertension patients

目的原发性高血压患者心电图P波异常对病情判断的意义。方法 67例原发性高血压患者,根据常规心电图情况分为P波正常组(33例)和P波异常组(34例),对比两组患者的临床指标。结果 P波异常组患者中左房扩大31例(91.18%),左室肥厚33例(97.06%),左室舒张功能减退33例(97.06%),左室收缩功能不全8例(23.53%),复杂心律失常20例(58.82%);P波正常组患者中左房扩大7例(21.21%),左室肥厚9例(27.27%),左室舒张功能减退15例(45.45%),左室收缩功能不全1例(3.03%),复杂心律失常7例(21.21%),P波正常组患者心脏结构及各项功能异常率均优于P波异常组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。P波正常组患者功能测量各项均优于P波异常组患者,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论心电图P波出现异常的原发性高血压患者病情较为严重,P波异常往往是原发性高血压发展至晚期的表现。

Objective To investigate significance of abnormal P wave of electrocardiogram for disease judgment in primary hypertension patients. Methods A total of 67 patients with primary hypertension were divided by their routine electrocardiogram condition into normal P wave group（33 cases） and abnormal P wave group（34 cases）. Comparison was made on clinical indexes between the two groups. Results In the abnormal P wave group, there were 31 cases（91.18%） with left atrium enlargement, 33 cases（97.06%） with left ventricle hypertrophy, 33 cases（97.06%） with left ventricle diastole function, 8 cases（23.53%） with systolic left ventricular dysfunction, and 20 cases（58.82%） with complex cardiac arrhythmias. In the normal P wave group, there were 7cases（21.21%） with left atrium enlargement, 9 cases（27.27%） with left ventricle hypertrophy, 15 cases（45.45%） with left ventricle diastole function, 1 case（3.03%） with systolic left ventricular dysfunction, and 7 cases（21.21%） with complex cardiac arrhythmias. The normal P wave group had all better cardiac structure and abnormality rate of function than the abnormal P wave group, and their difference had statistical significance（P〈0.05）. The normal P wave group had all better measured function items than the abnormal P wave group, and their difference had statistical significance（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Abnormal P wave of electrocardiogram leads to comparatively severe condition of primary hypertension in patients, and abnormal P wave acts as a common manifestation of advanced primary hypertension.