护理干预对老年慢性支气管炎患者心理状态及生活质量的影响

Influence by nursing intervention on psychological states and quality of life in senile chronic bronchitis patients

目的探讨护理干预应用于老年慢性支气管炎患者临床护理中的效果。方法 180例老年慢性支气管炎患者随机分为研究组和对照组,各90例。对照组采用常规护理,内容包括入院宣教、定期访视及并发症处理等;研究组在常规护理基础上加用护理干预措施,包括心理护理干预、呼吸训练及饮食干预等。比较两组患者护理前后心理状态变化及生活质量改善情况。结果干预前两组抑郁自评量表(SDS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预1周后,研究组SDS评分(55.43±3.01)分、SAS评分(51.16±4.35)分,均显著低于对照组的(59.72±3.41)、(55.71±3.92)分(P<0.05);干预后2周,研究组SDS评分(51.07±4.52)分、SAS评分(48.13±4.59)分,均显著低于对照组的(57.16±4.83)、(54.54±5.11)分(P<0.05)。干预前两组日常生活活动量表(ADL)评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,研究组ADL评分(84.13±10.36)分显著高于对照组(70.22±14.41)分,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论护理干预应用于老年慢性支气管炎临床护理中,有利于不良情绪及时释放,减轻心理负担,提升生活质量,值得临床推广应用。

Objective To investigate effect by nursing intervention applied in clinical nursing for senile chronic bronchitis patients. Methods A total of 180 senile chronic bronchitis patients were randomly divided into research group and control group, with 90 cases in each group. The control group received conventional nursing, including admission education, regular interview and complications treatment, and the research group also received additional nursing intervention measures, including psychological nursing intervention, respiratory training and diet intervention, to conventional nursing. Comparison was made on changes of psychological states and improvements of quality of life between the two groups before and after nursing. Results Before intervention, there was no statistically significant difference of self-rating depression scale（SDS） and self-rating anxiety scale（SAS） scores between the two groups（P〈0.05）. After 1 week of intervention, the research group had obviously lower SDS score as（55.43±3.01） points and SAS score as（51.16±4.35） points than（59.72±3.41） and（55.71±3.92）points in the control group（P〉0.05）. After 2 weeks of intervention, the research group had obviously lower SDS score as（51.07±4.52） points and SAS score as（48.13±4.59） points than（57.16±4.83） and（54.54±5.11） points in the control group（P〈0.05）. The difference of activities of daily living（ADL） score between the two groups before intervention had no statistical significance（P〉0.05）. After intervention, the research group had obviously higher ADL score as（84.13±10.36） points than（70.22±14.41） points in the control group, and their difference had statistical significance（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Implement of nursing intervention in clinical nursing for senile chronic bronchitis patients is helpful to release negative emotion, relieve psychological burden and improve quality of life. This method is worth clinical promotion and application.