历史语言学三大音变方式的数字对比表示法——以中古音16摄至元《中原音韵》19部演化为例

The Digital Representation of Three Major Historical Linguistics Change Way——Taking the Evolution from 16 “She”（ 摄） of Middle Ancient to 19 “Bu”（ 部） in “zhongyuanyinyun”（《中原音韵》） as an Example

历史语言学著作中所讲的音变方式主要是两种：合并（merger）与分化（split）.其实王力还提到一种无变化的方式,我们称为直承式.以往都是用文字叙述说明音变方式,我们尝试采用数字对比表示法：“1对1”表示直承式,“1对2”表示分化式,“2对1”表示合并式,这种方法能更直观地说明问题.

Abstract： The way of change in the history of linguistics mainly contains two kinds： merger and split.In fact, Wang Li also mentioned a way of no change called direct bearing.We usewords to describe change way before, now we try to adopt digital contrast notation： “1 of 1” meansstraightbearing type, “1 of 2”means differentiation type, “2 to 1”means combined type.This method can be more intuitively.