苯唑草酮对玉米田一年生杂草活性及其安全性测定

Weed Control Effect of Topramezone And its Safety to Corn in Glasshouses

[目的]为明确苯唑草酮对我国黄淮海区域玉米田常见一年生杂草活性和对玉米安全性,指导玉米田化学除草。[方法]采用盆栽法测定了苯唑草酮对玉米田常见5种杂草的活性及对2个玉米品种的安全性。[结果]苯唑草酮对禾本科杂草稗草、狗尾草的EC50为6.2363g a.i./hm^2、6.1936 g a.i./hm^2,对阔叶杂草藜、反枝苋的EC50为5.5479 g a.i./hm^2、5.0354 g a.i./hm^2,对莎草科杂草异型莎草的EC50为8.2870 g a.i./hm^2,苯唑草酮对阔叶杂草和禾本科杂草活性明显高于对莎草科杂草的活性。苯唑草酮对2玉米品种EC10均大于130 g a.i./hm^2,玉米与禾本科杂草、阔叶杂草之间的选择性指数在大于10,与莎草科之间的选择性指数大于5。[结论]苯唑草酮对玉米田阔叶杂草活性高于对禾本科杂草的活性、对莎草科杂草的活性略低,苯唑草酮对测定的2玉米品种选择性指数高、安全性好,推广前景广阔。

[Aims] In order to clarify the effects of topramezone on the annual weed activity of corn field and the safety in Huanghuaihai area in China, and to guide the chemical weeding of corn field. [ Method ] Pot experiments were conducted to determine the herbicidal activity and safety to corns in glasshouses and dose - response of 5 weeds and 2 common corn varieties were tested. [ Result ] The EC50 value of topramezone against gramineous weeds including Echinochloa crnsgalli, Setaria viridis （L.） Beauv. Were 6. 2363g a. i./hm^2,6. 1936 g a. i./hm^2, and that were 5. 5479 g a. i./hm^2 ,5. 0354 g a. i./hm^2 against broadleaf weeds including Chenopodium album L,Amaranthus retroflexus L , and that was 8. 2870 g a. i./hm^2 against cyperaceae weeds including Cyperus difformis. The activity of topramezone on broadleaf weeds and gramineous weeds were significantly higher than that of cyperaceae weeds. The ECx0 value of topramezone to two corn varieties were more than 130 g a. i. / hm^2, the selectivity index between corn and gramineous weeds or broadleaf weeds was over 10, and that between millet and cyperaceae weeds was greater than 5.0. [ Conclusion ] The activity of topramezone against annual grass weeds and broadleaf weeds was higher than that that of annual , cyperaceae weeds, and the control of good dose could guarantee the safety of corn. Topramezone had a high selectivity index, good safety to 2 corn varieties, and it had broad prospects.