泉州湾河口红树林湿地鸟类群落多样性分析

A Study on the Bird Communities Diversity of the Mangrove Wetland in the Quanzhou Bay Estuary

2014年1月至2015年12月,利用路线调查和高位定点统计相结合的方法,对福建省泉州湾河口红树林湿地3个生境(滩涂红树林生境、外围养殖区生境和周边村落生境)的鸟类群落进行逐月调查.结果显示:泉州湾河口红树林湿地共有鸟类110种,珍稀濒危鸟类众多;生境类型影响着鸟类群落的分布和数量;滩涂红树林生境鸟类物种丰富度、多样性指数(H=3.01)、均匀度指数(J=0.70)均最高,周边村落生境的优势度指数(D=0.14)最高;滩涂红树林生境与外围养殖区生境的鸟类群落结构相似性程度最大.最后,提出了针对性的保护建议.

From January 2014 to December 2015,monthly studies were carried out on the bird communi- ties in 3 different habitats （mangroves of the tidal flats,aquaculture areas on the periphery and the sur- rounding villages） of the mangrove wetland in the Quanzhou Bay Estuary by the methods of route sur- vey and sample points.The results showed that there were 110 species of birds in the mangrove wetland in the Quanzhou Bay Estuary,including many rare and endangered birds. Habitat types affects the dis- tribution of species and quantity.The species richness, Shanon-Wiener diversity index （H=3.01） and evenness index of mangroves （J =0.70） of the tidal flats were highest.The dominance index （D =0.14） of the surrounding villages was the highest.The compositions of bird communities habitated mangroves of the tidal flats and those habitated aquaculture areas on the periphery had medium similarity.This pa- per also put forward some suggestions on the protection.