中老年人腰围、腰围身高比和膳食因素与血脂关系

Association of waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio and dietary factors with lipid

目的探讨膳食因素、腰围（waist circumference,WC）和腰围身高比（waist-to-height ratio,WHtR）与血脂异常的关系。方法抽样调查和膳食频数问卷法相结合,采用偏相关分析、t检验、x^2检验和Logistic回归分析研究膳食因素、WC、WHtR与血脂关系。结果偏相关分析显示,谷类、总能量、脂肪和胆固醇摄入量与胆固醇（total cholesterol,TC）水平正相关,水产品、锌、硒和铜与甘油三酯（triglyceride,TG）水平负相关（均有P〈0.05）。WC或WHtR异常时的TG水平及其患病率高于WC或WHtR正常时（均有P〈0.05）;同时对于女性来说,WC异常时的TC水平及其患病率高于WC正常人群,差异均有统计学意义（t=-2.12、P=0.035;x^2=7.93,P=0.005）。WC、WHtR每增加1个标准差,高TC血症患病风险分别增加26%和43%,高TG血症患病风险分别增加30%和35%。结论降低谷类、总能量、脂肪和胆固醇的摄入量,同时增加蔬菜、水产品、维生素C、锌、硒和铜的摄入量有利于降低血脂异常发生的风险;WC和WHtR可以作为早期发现和预防血脂异常的监测指标。

Objective To explore the association of dietary, waist circunfference （WC） and waist-to-height ratio （WHtR） with dyslipidemia. Methods Combined sampling survey with semi-quantitative food frequency survey, partial correlation, t test, chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the relationship of diet, WC and WHtR with lipid. Results Partial correlation analysis showed that intakes of grain, total energy, fat and total cholesterol （TC） were positively correlated with cholesterol level. The intakes of aquatic product, zinc, selenium and cuprum were in- versely correlated with triglyceride（TG） level （ all P 〈0. 05）. When the WC or WHtR was abnormal, the TG level was greater than the normal, while the prevalence was also higher （ all P 〈 0.05 ） , and when the WC was abnormal, the TC level and the prevalence for female were greater than the normal, the difference were statistically significant （t = -2. 12, P =0. 035 ,Z2 =7.93,P =0. 005）. 1-SD of WC and WHtR would give rise to an increase of 26% and 43% risk of hypercholesterolemia, 30% and 35% risk of hypertriglyceridemia. Conclusions Controlling grain, total energy, fat, cholesterol and increasing vegetables, aquatic product, vitamin C, zinc, selenium and cuprum intake can reduce the risk of dyslipidemia. Besides, WC and WHtR can be used as monitoring indicators for early detection and prevention of dyslipidemia.