集体主义-个体主义文化视角下工作-家庭关系差异分析

Work-family interaction in the context of individualism-collectivism culture

工作-家庭关系研究是组织与管理心理学中研究的热点议题,社会文化因素是工作-家庭关系研究中的重要影响因素。本文在分析已有相关文献的基础之上,总结发现:个体主义文化下的员工工作和家庭之间的关系对等并且领域之间界限明晰,而集体主义文化下个体的工作-家庭之间的关系并非完全对等,且员工的工作和家庭之间存在更多联结。如何在现有的工作-家庭关系研究的基础上明晰适合我国文化背景的研究理论以及挖掘能够体现我国工作-家庭关系特征的研究主题是今后研究的方向与任务。

Based on the increasing interests in the work-family research in IO/OB domain, the researchers find that social or national culture has a key role to play in shaping the individual＇s work-family interaction. This review starts with the analysis of the prior researches that have incorporated cultural consideration in some manner and identify individualism-collectivism dimension that influence the work-family interaction. Conclusions have been made as follows： In the individualist cultural norm, the individual are inclined to put equal value of work domain and family domain, and there is a relative clear line between the work and family life. Whereas, in collectivist cultural society, asymmetry are shown in the work-family interface which means individual are willing to put priority on work domain. This social belief is most likely resulted from the cognition of connection and integration of work-family. Future task of Chinese researchers is to construct the localization theory to explain the phenomenon and mechanism of work-family interaction in Chinese society.