江西省城乡低档暗娼性病艾滋病相关知识现状及行为特征

Awareness of STD/AIDS related knowledge and behavior features of low-paid FSWs in urban and rural areas of Jiangxi province

目的了解江西省农村低档暗娼性病艾滋病相关知识知晓、行为及干预服务情况,以城市低档暗娼为参照,为农村开展性病艾滋病防控提供依据。方法于2014年4-12月,采用分层抽样法,对江西省5个县区低档暗娼的性病艾滋病知识、态度、安全套使用、干预服务现状进行了调查,采用X^2检验进行统计分析。结果共调查543名低档暗娼,其中城市297人、农村246人。与城市低档暗娼相比,农村低档暗娼呈现年龄大、文化程度低、已婚者多、流动性大等特征(均P<0.05)。农村暗娼艾滋病知识总体知晓率为95.12%,高于城市暗娼的89.90%(P<0.05)。农村暗娼"劝客人使用安全套"的意识及态度低于城市暗娼(P<0.05)。农村暗娼"最近一次"和"最近一个月"与客人发生性行为时的安全套使用频率均低于城市暗娼(均P<0.05)。安全套免费发放、演示使用、同伴教育、艾滋病检测等干预服务,农村暗娼均明显少于城市暗娼(均P<0.05),且选择到正规妇保机构就诊者较低。结论宜以安全套免费发放、演示使用、同伴教育等干预服务为抓手,加强对农村暗娼的干预,强化安全套使用信念,提升安全套使用频率,有效遏止性病艾滋病的发生。

Objective To understand the awareness of STD/AIDS knowledge, and behavior characteristics of low-paid female sex workers （FSWs） in urban and rural areas of Jiangxi province, to provide the basis for further STD/AIDS prevention and control. Methods From April to December of 2014,with stratified sampling method, a survey was conducted among FSWs from 5 counties of Jiangxi province to know their knowledge awareness, atti- tude, condom use and current intervention services. The statistical analysis was done based on x^2 test. Results A total number of 543 FSWs was investigated with 297 in urban areas and 246 in rural areas. The rural FSWs were older in age, less-educated, more married and more mobile than urban FSWs （all P〈0.05）. The awareness rate of AIDS knowledge of rural FSWs was 95.12%, higher than that of urban FSWs （89.90%）. The rural FSWs had lower awareness to ＂persuade clients to use condom＂ than the urban FSWs （P〈0.05）, and had less condom use ＂last time＂ and in ＂the last month＂, when they had sex with their clients（all P〈0.05）. The rural FSWs received significantly fewer intervention services such as free condom distribution, condom use demonstration, peer education and HIV testing, than the urban FSWs（all P〈0. 05）, and seldom visited normal maternal health care clinics. Conclusion The low-paid FSWs in rural areas in Jiangxi province have less condom use and intervention. We should provide behavioral intervention for the rural FSWs by distributing free condoms and demonstrating how to use them, so as to prevent STD/AIDS transmission effectively.