海洋通信的发展现状与时代挑战

The state of the art and challenges of marine communications

为了保障我国"21世纪海上丝绸之路"发展战略的顺利实施和满足日趋频繁的海事活动的需要,必须实现对相关海域的无缝、高效和可靠的通信覆盖.本文首先概述我国海洋通信网络的发展现状;其次,详细分析并比较全球范围内主流海洋通信网络,包括海上无线通信系统、海洋卫星通信系统和岸基移动通信系统;然后,根据我国南海岛礁众多的地理特点,提出了一种新型的海洋通信网络架构,并具体阐述了实施该网络架构所面临的技术挑战,包括海洋信道建模、大气波导效应、微波散射效应,以及统一、高效的网络资源管理机制等.本文将为我国海洋通信政策决策人士、科研和工程人员提供一个全球视野,以准确把握全球技术发展动态,并积极推动我国海洋通信事业的建设与发展.

To implement the Maritime Silk Road in the 21st century and to meet the demands of mcreasing maritime activity, a seamless, effective, and reliable communications coverage of relevant sea areas is necessary. In this review, we first outline state of the art marine communications networks in China and then analyze and compare several major marine communications networks, including marine radio communications, satellite communications and shore-based mobile communications networks. Next, based on the geometric characteristics of numerous islands and reefs, a novel system architecture of marine communications networks is proposed, and the main technical challenges precluding its implementation are described, including channel modeling of marine communications, atmospheric duct effect, microwave scattering effect, and unified and effective network resource management. This work will benefit policy makers, scientific researchers, and engineers, by providing a global overview and enabling them to grasp the trends in marine communications, and thus is likely to promote the construction and development of marine communications in China.