德、美、日应对制造业人才挑战的新举措及启示——基于再工业化背景的分析

New Measures Taken by Germany, the US and Japan in Responding to Challenges of Talent and the Inspiration: an Analysis Based on the Context of Reindustrialization

金融危机之后,发达国家相继提出振兴本国制造业的再工业化战略,我国也提出了以智能制造为主攻方向的"中国制造2025"战略。以德、美、日为代表的制造业发达国家,根据本国国情,采取了一系列新举措来应对再工业化的制造业人才挑战。学习借鉴德、美、日等发达国家的新举措,我国应开发培育潜在人力资源,扩大制造业从业人员数量;以世界水平为目标提高制造业人才培养水平;构建多元化经费筹资体系,增加对职业教育投入;开发相互沟通衔接的资格认证制度,实现制造业人才的高效利用;完善人才评价、激励和流动机制,形成良好的人才发展环境,以培养"中国制造2025"急需的制造业人才队伍,加快推动我国制造业智能转型。

After the financial crisis, developed countries successively proposed reindustrialization strategies for promoting the manufac- turing industries. China also puts forward with a strategy, ＂Manufactured in China 2025 ＂, focusing on intelligent manufacturing. Devel- oped countries representing by Germany, the US and Japan have taken a set of new measures in responding to the requirement of manu- facturing talent for reindustrialization according to the situation of their own countries. Learning from the measures, China should build a talent pool for enlarging the number of practitioners, aim at international level in cultivating manufacturing talents, build a diversified ex- penditure financing system and invest more in vocational education. It should also develop a certification system facilitating the efficient u- tilization of manufacturing talents, and improve talent evaluation, incentive and flow systems in an effort to build a friendly environment for talent growth. By doing so, the talent team required by the strategy of ＂Manufactured in China 2025 ＂ could be built for accelerating the in- telligent transformation of China＇s manufacturing industry.