我国电影审查制度之规范分析——以《电影产业促进法》为主要视角

An Analysis of Film Censorship Criteria in China——Mainly from the Perspective of “Film Industry Promotion Law of the People's Republic of China”

《电影产业促进法》的出台为我国电影产业的飞速发展奠定了法治基石,电影审查制度一直是电影产业发展的主要争议点,而电影审查制度也是此次立法中的主要内容。文章在现存的文本规范基础上指出我国电影审查制度的含义、主体、程序、内容,明确其作为行政许可的规范属性。电影作为一种文化产业,在表达自由及其限制之间,宪法的社会主义价值预设和行政许可的制度优势为电影审查制度提供了理论基础。规范电影审查制度的着力点在于具体化电影审查裁量基准,采取绝对性、类型化和社会实效三种裁量基准以及具体说明理由制度,构建程序性的司法审查机制。

The enactment of ＂Film Industry Promotion Law of the People＇s Republic of China＂ provides a legal guarantee for the rapid development of China＇s film industry. As the major controversy of the industry, the film censorship becomes the subject of this enactment. The paper expounds the meaning, subject, procedure and content of China＇s film censorship on the basis of existing textual norms and defines its nature of criteria in administrative licensing. As a cultural undertaking, the film industry owes its freedom and restriction to the advantage of socialist value as prescribed in Constitution and the administrative licensing that provide a theoretical basis for film censorship. The key of standardizing film censorship lies in the development of specific criteria for judgment, adoption of definite, categorized and social efficacy-oriented criteria, and the establishment of a procedural judicial censorship mechanism.