程度视角下“大+时间名词”结构的语义分析

A semantic analysis of the structure “da(big)+temporal noun phrase” in a degree-based perspective

本文基于程度语义的分析框架,提出"大白天、大周末"等"大+NP_T"结构中的"大"跟其他用法的"大"具有相同的语义核心,即陈述某种程度之大。它们之间的区别在于所涉及的量级结构的维度不同:与"大+NP_T"结构相关的维度和概率有关,即说话人认为在NP_T所指时段内,某事可能(不可能)发生的概率与其他事件发生的概率的比较。如果某事可能(不可能)发生的概率显著地大于某事不可能(可能)发生的概率,则说话人可以用"大"来进行比较,通过凸显,传递主观评价。这一基于程度的语义分析,能对"大+NP_T"结构的语义做出更合理的解释,同时最大限度的维持对"大"的语义的统一分析。

This paper gives a semantic analysis of the structure ＂ da （big）＋temporal noun phrase＂ in a degree-based perspective （e.g., da baitian ＂big daytime＇）. It is proposed that this structure has the same semantic eore like other uses ofda, referring to a degree level.The only difference between them is their different dimensions and probabilities of the degree, that is, a comparison between the proba- bilities of an event with others in a given time. If the speaker thinks that the probability of one event is sufficiently bigger than its improbability, he/she will use ＂ da＂ to express his subjective evaluation. The above-mentioned analysis can give a more persuasive and more comprehensive analysis of the se- mantic implications of this structure.