马尔库塞革命主体思想探析

Analysis of Marcus' Thought about Revolutionary Subject

作为西方马克思主义最为激进的代表人物之一,马尔库塞在分析发达资本主义工业社会背景下的无产阶级与资产阶级的新变化中,否认了无产阶级的社会革命主体地位,认为革命主体已然走向消亡,继而开始了寻找新的社会革命主体之路。从第三世界被压迫人民到新左派等都曾受到过马尔库塞的关注,最终却都被否定。这种飘忽不定的革命主体思想其实与他的否定性思维及乌托邦情怀有着内在关系,可以说,寻找社会革命主体的过程其实是马尔库塞贯彻其否定性思维、走向乌托邦社会革命的过程。

As one of the most radical representatives of Western Marxism,Marcuse,in analyzing the developed capitalist industrial society under the background of the proletariat and the new changes in the bourgeoisie,denies the principal role of the proletarian social revolution.He believes that the revolutionary subject has already been perished,and therefore begins to find a new way of social revolution.Marcuse concerns about wide range of people,from the third-world oppressed people to the new left,but those are denied one by one.In fact,the process of searching for the main body of social revolution is the process of Marcuse's implementation of its negative thinking and the process towards the Utopian social revolution.