基于老年人行为特点的养老机构公共活动空间设计研究

Research on Designing Public Activity Space in Elderly Care Institutions Based on Elderly Behavior Characteristics

本文以养老机构中非特定功能的公共活动空间为研究对象,通过对北京市两所特大型养老机构中分散式公共空间与集中式公共空间利用实态的比较分析,明确自理、介助、介护老人的行为特点。并从公共空间的物理环境、位置、空间形态与尺度、与居室的距离等方面,分析公共空间使用时的影响要素,明确使用者的空间需求。在此基础上,提出养老机构公共空间设计的建议。

This paper takes unspecialized public activity spaces in elderly care institutions as research object. Through a comparative analysis of practical utilization between scattered public spaces and centralized public spaces in two super large-scaled elderly care institutions in Beijing, characteristics of behaviors respectively of self-cared, device-aided and nursing-cared elderly are identified; and by analyzing factors influential to the utilization of public spaces, including physical environment, location, spatial pattern and dimension of public spaces, and the distance from public spaces to living rooms, user’s needs in spaces are clarified. On this basis, suggestions on public space designing for elderly care institutions are put forward.