质体基因工程在植物育种中的应用研究进展

Progress on Application of Plastid Genetic Engineering in Plant Breeding

与传统的核转化相比,质体遗传转化作为外源基因表达更精确、安全和高效的新一代转基因技术对作物品质改良和产量提高做出了极大的贡献,也给人们提供了植物育种的新思路。综述了质体遗传转化技术、筛选标记(体系)及其在植物抗性性状改良、产量提高、品质改良、杂种优势利用中的应用研究进展,以期为质体基因工程在植物遗传改良,尤其是在单子叶植物遗传改良中的应用提供理论依据。

Compared with traditional nuclear transformation system, plastid genetic engineering that performs much safer, more precise and efficient expression of foreign genes has made great achievements in crop quality and yield improvement, even offers new ideas for plant breeding. This paper reviewed the plastid transformation techniques, screening markers （ systems） and their applications in the improvement of plant resistance traits, yield and quality and heterosis utilization, so as to provide theoretical reference for the application of plastid genetic engineering in plant breeding, especially in monocotyledonous plants.