碱性枸溶性钾肥与硫酸钾配施对烤烟抗性及根系生长的影响

Effects of Combined Application of Citrate Soluble Potassium Fertilizer and Potassium Sulfate Fertilizer on Resistance and Root Growth of Flue-cured Tobacco

为探明枸溶性钾肥对烤烟抗病性、抗旱性和根系生长的影响,采用盆栽试验,研究了枸溶性钾肥与硫酸钾不同比例配施对烤烟病害情况、抗旱性相关生理指标及根系生长的影响。结果表明:T2处理(75%枸溶性钾肥+25%硫酸钾)烤烟对野火病和烟草花叶病的抗性最强,病情指数最低,分别为4.63和3.52,较T1处理(100%硫酸钾)分别下降69.80%和52.62%;气候自然斑发病率最低,为4.55%,较T1处理降低66.64%;烟叶脯氨酸、可溶性糖含量在干旱48 h内一直呈增加趋势,且在5个处理中最高;MDA含量最低且与其他处理差异显著;烤烟总根长、根总表面积最大,根尖数最多,与其他处理差异显著,分别较T1处理增加81.58%、91.98%、133.45%。总体而言,75%枸溶性钾+25%硫酸钾处理烤烟的抗病性和抗旱性及根系生长表现最好,建议在保水能力差、土壤酸化严重的植烟土壤或降雨量少的烟区采用该配施比例。

In order to explore the effect of citrate-soluble potassium fertilizer on disease resistance, drought resistance and root growth of tobacco, the effect of different proportion of combined application of citrate-soluble potassium fertilizer and potassium sulfate fertilizer on disease situation, physiological index of drought resistance and root growth of tobacco by potted plant. The results showed that the T2 treatment with 75% citrate-soluble potassium fertilizer and 25% potassium sulfate fertilizer had the strongest resistance to wildfire and tobacco mosaic, the disease index was the lowest with 4. 63 and 3. 52 respectively, which decreased by 69. 80% and 52. 62% compared with T1 treatment （100% potassium sulfate fertilizer） ;the natural spot incidence of T2 treatment was the lowest with 4.55% , which decreased by 66. 64% compared with T1 treatment ; the proline and soluble sugar contents of T2 treatment in tobacco leaves showed an increasing trend in 48 h under drought stress,and were the highest among five treatments;the MDA content of T2 treatment was the lowest, and the difference was significant with the other treatments; the total root length and total surface area of T2 treatment were the highest, the root number of T2 treatment was the most, and and the difference was significant with the other treatments, which increased by 81. 58% , 91. 98% , 133. 45% respectively compared with T1 treatment. Generally speaking,the T2 treatment behaved the best in disease resistance, drought resistance and root growth of tobacco, so this proportion was suggested to be applied in tobacco area where the water conservation capacity was bad, soil was acidification and rainfall was less.