王阳明《教条示龙场诸生》的教育哲学意义

Wang Yangming's ‘Instructions for Disciples at Longchang' and Its Significance to Educational Philosophy

王阳明在贵州龙冈书院对龙场诸生发表的《教条示龙场诸生》一文,主要从树立志向、勤奋学习、改正过错、劝勉从善四个方面,语重心长地告诫弟子求学、做人的基本道理,从中我们可以提炼出王阳明教育哲学中的人生观、学习观、道德观与修养观。从教育哲学的视角关照,王阳明良知心学的实质,就是一种道德人文主义的教化之学,它对于我们"把立德树人作为教育的根本任务"的现实启迪就在于,以人文素质和道德教育为优先,同时兼顾知识教育和技能教育。

Wang Yangming wrote 'Instructions for Disciples at Longchang' to exhort his disciples at Longgang Academy of Guizhou on the fundamental principles of pursuing learning and conducting themselves. He emphasized four aspects: fixing the determination, studying diligently, rectifying errors, and inciting to goodness by reproof. Wang's instructions revealed his outlooks on life, study, morality, and moral cultivation. Yangming philosophy of the mind and intuitive knowledge is, in essence, a philosophy of education that advocates moral humanism. It can provide practical inspiration for today's education, which takes establishing morality and rearing students as its fundamental task. Contemporary education should prioritize humanistic qualities and morality while paying attention to knowledge and skills.