花期喷硼对锥栗光合作用和空苞率的影响

Effects of Spraying Borax at Flowering Stage on Photosynthesis and Empty Shell Rate in Castanea henryi

为降低锥栗空苞率,以6年生‘华栗2号’为供试材料,分别在锥栗初花期和盛花期喷施5种不同质量浓度为C_1(1 g/L)、C_2(2 g/L)、C_3(3 g/L)、C_4(4 g/L)、C_5(5 g/L)的硼,喷清水为对照(CK),以研究喷硼对锥栗叶片光合作用和空苞率的影响。结果表明:随着硼浓度的增加,叶绿素含量、光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度和结实率等指标均呈先升高后降低的趋势,空苞率呈先降低后升高的趋势;初花期和盛花期喷施硼质量浓度为1~5 g/L时,皆可明显降低空苞率,降幅为5.60%~13.40%,其中喷施3 g/L时降幅最大;喷施质量浓度为3 g/L的硼砂对锥栗叶绿素含量、光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度和结实率作用最显著,较对照增加幅度分别为11.29%、81.22%、39.66%、28.70%和24.68%。结合生产应用,于锥栗初花期和盛花期分别喷施0.30%硼效果最佳。

In order to decrease the empty shell rate ol Castanea henryi, taking six-year old cultivar ‘ Huali No.2 ’ as experimental material,boron ol live concentrations, which were C, （ 0. 1 0 % ）, C2 （ 0. 2 0 % ）, C3 （0.30%）, C4（0.40%） and C5（0.50%） ,was sprayed during the initial llowering stage and lull llowering stage, and the control group（CK） was sprayed with water.The ellect ol boron element on photosynthesis and empty shell rate in C.henryi was studied. The results showed that the chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, stoma- tal conductance,intercellular C〇2 concentration and seed setting rate increased lirstly and then decreased,but the empty shell rate decreased firstly and then increased with the increase ol the concentration.The rate ol emp-ty shell obvious decreased l）y 5.60% ？13.40% when the concentration was 0.10% ？0.50% , and the concentrn- tion ol 0.30% had the biggest reduction.Significant influences were observed on the increase ol chlorophyll content,photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concentration and seed setting rate,whose increase ranges were 11.29%,81.22%,39.66%,28.70% and 24.68%, respectively, in the treatment ol spaying 0.30% boron solution compared with the control.Based on the production practice, the most suitable concentra-tion ol boron sprayed at the initial flowering stage and lull flowering stage was 0.30%.