水稻抗褐飞虱育种研究进展与展望

Present Status and Prospect of Resistance Breeding of Brown Planthopper in Rice

褐飞虱是危害最严重的水稻害虫之一,能降低产量并影响稻米品质。控制褐飞虱的关键在于利用品种自身的抗性基因培育新的抗虫品种。目前,已发现并报道了34个抗褐飞虱基因,其中28个主效基因已被定位,Bph3、Bph9、Bph14、Bph18、BPH18、Bph26、BPH29、Bph32和Bphi008a等基因已成功克隆。已有研究表明,聚合多个褐飞虱抗性基因的品种抗性明显高于含单个或不含抗性基因的品种,但目前抗性基因只有个别得到有效利用。本文对褐飞虱的生物型、抗性机制、抗性基因的定位和克隆以及在水稻育种上的应用进行了综述,并对抗褐飞虱育种面临的问题和育种对策进行了讨论。

Brown planthopper(BPH) is one of the most destructive pests in rice production,it influences rice yield and quality seriously.Cultivating BPH-resistance varieties with related resistance genes is considered as the key to control BPH.To date,at least 34 BPH-resistance genes have been identified,among them,28 major BPH-resistance genes have been mapped,Bph3、Bph9、Bph14、Bph18、BPH18、Bph26、BPH29、Bph32 和 Bphi008 a have already been cloned.Polymerizing several resistance genes can increase resistance to BPH significantly.However,only little genes have been utilized effectively.Biotypes;resistance mechanism;mapping,clone and application in breeding of BPH-resistance genes were summarized,and discussed the existing problems and the trend of development of BPH-resistance breeding.