朝鲜经济市场化进程及其影响

Process of Economic Marketization and Its Consequences in North Korea

伴随着"大饥荒"("苦难行军")而迅速扩展的朝鲜经济市场化进程,已经改变了朝鲜社会的面貌。这一经济市场化进程可划分为四个阶段。在这个过程中,经济主体的市场化、商品价格的市场化以及所有制结构的多元化是朝鲜经济市场化的三个最主要体现。由于朝鲜独特的国内外环境,朝鲜经济市场化具有四个鲜明的特征。市场化使得朝鲜在社会结构、社会思潮上发生很大改变,也造成一定的腐败。从短期看,市场化有利于朝鲜体制获取更多合法性资源;但从长远来看,市场化会给朝鲜体制带来巨大的挑战。

The process of marketization of the North Korean economy, which is rapidly expanding with the mass famine, has changed the situation of Korean society. The marketization process can now be divided into four stages ever from the famine. In this process, the marketization of economic entities, the marketization of commodity pricing and the diversification of ownerships, are the three main manifestations of the Korean economy. Because of North Korea′s unique domestic and international environment, the country′s economic market embodies four distinct features. The marketization has brought about great changes in the country′s economic structure and social ideology, but it has encouraged official corruption in the governance at the same time. In the short term, the marketization is conducive to North Korea in terms of obtaining more legitimacy resources, but in the long run, it will bring great challenges even crises to the country.