民主化与国家整合:缅甸的挑战与前景

Democratization and National Integration: Myanmar's Challenge and Prospect

民主转型与国家整合是当前缅甸面临的两项主要任务,两者之间有着复杂的共生互动关系。缅甸是在国家整合程度较低的情况下,开始了自上而下的民主化进程,因此,在民主转型的背景下如何有效促进国家整合,成为学术界关注的一个重要问题。国家整合是民主化的基础,民主化对国家整合具有积极的和消极的双重影响。考虑到当前缅甸国家整合面临一系列难题,近年来启动的民主转型将在政治社会、经济利益、文化认同等领域对缅甸的国家整合带来诸多挑战,关键在于如何实现各族群政治权利平等与国家政令统一(民族和解进程)、不同群体间利益分配与国家整体利益、多元社会与统一国家认同等方面的动态平衡。

Democratic transformation and national integration are two major undertakings by nowadays Myanmar,there are complex interactions between the two.As Myanmar initiated top-down democratization in the context of a weak foundation in national integration,academic circles are concerned how it can promote both dynamic process concurrently.While degree of national integration constitutes the basis for democratization,democratization itself could have either positive or negative impact on national integration.Myanmar has been troubled by series of difficulties in promoting national integration,thus the introduction of democratization may bring new challenges.It is a key issue that how to deal with the balance between equal political rights of all ethnic groups and unified national leadership,equitable distribution of interests among different groups and secure of overall interests of the State,pluralistic society and unified national identity.