俄罗斯科学基金管理模式与资助重点分析

Analysis on Management Mode and Funding Emphases of Russian National Science Foundations

从资助情况、国际合作、项目评审等角度,深入分析俄罗斯三大国家科学基金会的运作体系及特点,发现:俄罗斯的三大科学基金会通过项目竞标的方式,在俄罗斯科学界营造竞争氛围;通过专项计划和政策给予青年科学家大力支持,为国家科技人才储备提供持续保障;致力于走国际化道路,重视项目成果的推广和宣传;国家基金会领导直接向总统负责,对内有利于把国家战略和意志通过基金会付诸实施,综合平衡各地区利益关系,对外有利于施展"科学外交",提升国际影响力和国家软实力。

Operation system and characteristics of Russian national science foundations are in - depth analyzed from the fi- nancing situation,international cooperation, project evaluation in this paper. It＇s found that Russian national science founda- tions aim to build competitive atmosphere in academic circles through project; suppo^l young scientists through special plan and policy to ensure the continuous development of national science and technology talent reserve ; attach importance to in- ternationalization and promotion of the project achievements; directly responsible to the President, which is internally benefi- cial to put the national strategy and will into practice through the foundations, balance the interests of different regions, and externally promote the ＂scientific diplomacy＂ ,enhance the international influence and the national soft power.