粘弹性表面活性剂在油气藏增产改造领域的研究进展

Research Progresses of Viscoelastic Surfactant in Reservoir Stimulation

粘弹性表面活性剂(VES)由两亲分子组成,在地层条件下具有独特的物理化学性质,被广泛应用于油气藏增产改造领域。本文在简要介绍粘弹性表面活性剂胶束结构和胶束特性、作用机理的基础上,重点对VES压裂液和VES自转向酸两部分所涉及理论基础、技术进展及井场应用情况进行综述:VES压裂液具有携砂能力强、滤失低、压裂效能高、返排能力强、地层伤害小等优势;VES自转向酸具有配制简单、破胶容易、对地层伤害小、缓速、滤失少等优点。最后,指出粘弹性表面活性剂在现阶段研究存在的问题和需要克服的难点,以期推动粘弹性表面活性剂在油气藏增产改造领域的进一步应用。

The viscoelastic surfactant（VES） is widely used in reservoir stimulation owing to its unique physical and chemi- cal properties under formation condition. The viscoelastic surfactant micelle structure and characteristics as well as its mech- anism were briefly introduced at first. Based on these, two related parts, the VES fracturing fluid and VES self-diverting acid, were detailedly discussed and summarized from all aspects of the theoretical basis, technical progress and field applica- tion. Characteristics of VES fracturing fluid like strong carrying capacity, low filtration, high efficiency, qualified fracturing flowback ability, low formation damage were shown. It was easy for VES acid to get deep preparation, break smoothly, and causes less damage and less filtration. Finally,it was pointed out that the study of viscoelastic surfactants still need to over- come the difficulties and problems, so as to promote the application of viscoelastic surfactant in the field of oil and gas reser- voir production.