燕麦不同品种染色体倍性的检测

Determination of Ploidy Level of Chromosome in Different Varieties of Oats

研究了6个不同品种燕麦的染色体倍性差异,通过根尖染色体计数法和气孔保卫细胞横纵径及保卫细胞叶绿体计数法等方法对燕麦染色体倍性进行了观察鉴定。结果表明,6个不同品种燕麦中定燕1号、晋燕8号、晋燕17号、宁莜1号为六倍体(2n=6x=42),白燕6号、白燕7号为四倍体(2n=4x=28),同倍性不同种之间气孔保卫细胞叶绿体数目相近,不同倍性间气孔保卫细胞的大小差异较明显。经X2适合性检测,六倍体和四倍体植株气孔保卫细胞横径均值之比和保卫细胞叶绿体数的平均值之比符合其染色体数目之比3∶2,而纵径均值比值不符合。

Selecting seven different varieties of oats as the research object, this experiment researches differences with different varieties of oat chromosome ploidy. Observing and identifying chromosome ploidy by counting the number of stoma chlorlplast in guard cell and root tip chromosome, measuring stomatal guard cells＇ transverse and longitudinal diameter. Results show that Dingyan No. 1, Jinyan No.8,Jinyan No.17,Ningyou No. 1 are hexaploids （2 n=6 x=42）,Baiyan No. 6 and Baiyan No. 7 are both tetraploids （2 n=4 x=28） according to this experiment and observation data.And the numbers of stoma chlorlplast are very close between with homoploid.But different cultivars and the size of stoma guard cell differences between different ploidies is obvious.Relevant data of the three groups of stoma- tal X2 fit tests respectively,which is concluded that hexaploid tetraploid plant stomatal guard cells and the mean guard cells diameter ratios and the average chloroplast number ratio in accordance with the proportion of the chromosome number 3 ： 2. But the average ratio of longitudinal diameter doesn＇t conform to 3 ： 2.