亚临界萃取酸枣仁油的工艺研究及改善睡眠的功效评价

Evaluation of Sleep Quality Improvement by Advanced Extraction of Jujube Kernel Oil by Subcritical Butane

运用亚临界丁烷萃取法提取酸枣仁油,在单因素试验的基础上,通过响应面法进行试验设计及工艺参数优化,对其主要理化指标及脂肪酸组成等进行品质分析;并将酸枣仁油按不同剂量灌胃给药,观察酸枣仁油对小鼠自主活动、直接睡眠、戊巴比妥钠阈上剂量睡眠时间、戊巴比妥钠阈下剂量睡眠潜伏期的影响。结果表明:亚临界丁烷萃取法提取酸枣仁油的最佳工艺条件为物料粉碎过80目筛、提取温度45℃、提取时间40 min、提取次数3次,酸枣仁油的提取率为26.77%;所制备的酸枣仁油品质优良,脂肪酸组成以油酸(41.65%),亚油酸(27.97%),硬脂酸(18.96%)为主,并含少量的棕榈酸(4.88%)和花生烯酸(3.29%)等;高、中剂量的酸枣仁油能明显减少小鼠的自主活动次数,延长阈上剂量戊巴比妥钠诱导的小鼠睡眠时间,缩短戊巴比妥钠诱导的小鼠睡眠潜伏期,对小鼠无直接催眠作用;但具有一定的改善睡眠功效。

The jujube kernel oil was extracted by subcritical butane. Based on the single factor experiment, re- sponse surface methodology had been adopted to optimize the test design and process parameters in order to analyze the physieochemical properties and fatty acid composition. The hypnotic effects of differential doses of jujube kernel oil was straightforwardly studied through the sleep -induced experiments on mice to evaluate the spontaneous activities, direct sleep, sleeping time induced by the dosage of pentobarbital sodium above threshold and sleeping delitescence induced by the dosage of pentobartital sodium under threshold. The results showed that under the optimum process conditions with the raw materials of 80 mesh, extraction time of 40 min, extraction temperature of 45 ℃ , extraction times of 3 ,the extraction yield of the jujube kernel oil reached 26.77% with high -level content quality：the main fatty acids consisted of oleic acid（41.65% ） ,linoleic acid（27.97% ） and stearie acid（ 18.96% ）. It also contained palmitic acid （4.88 % ） and arachidonic acid （3.29 % ）. The high and middle doses of the jujube kernel oil could obviously reduce spontaneous activity, and increase sleeping time induced by the dosage of pentobarbital sodium above threshold, and shorten sleep latency induced by applying pentobartital sodium control on mice. Although having no direct sleep effect, the jujube kernel oil extracted by subcritical butane played a role in improving sleep quality.