基于DEA的东北黑土区耕地利用效率研究——以嫩江县为例

Analysis on cultivated land use efficiency based on DEA in black soils in northeastern China-A case study of Nenjiang County

通过黑龙江省嫩江县的实地考察及入户调研访谈,采用以数据包络分析为基础的两步法,对研究区域内不同利用模式下耕地利用效率及其影响因素进行了分析。结果表明:(1)嫩江县整体耕地利用效率为0.874,个人承包耕地利用效率最高。(2)研究区域内不同作物耕地利用效率有很大差异,玉米种植区域普遍处于规模报酬递减阶段,大豆等其他作物呈规模收益递增状态。(3)单位化肥投入量、农机马力水平、每公顷收益等因素对耕地利用效率存在显著影响。政府应加强规模生产管理、提高技术效率、重视监督与引导,切实提高黑土区耕地利用效率,保护黑土区耕地资源和保障农民收益。

In this research, according to the results of the interviews of Nenjiang County in Heilongjiang Province, by using Two - stage Method based on data envelopment analysis （DEA） , the land use efficiency under different land use pattern and its influencing factors within the study area were analyzed. The result indicates that ： （ 1 ） The cultivated land use efficiency of Nenjiang County is 0. 874, and the land use efficiency of individual contracting is the highest. （2） There is a big difference between different crops cultivated land use efficiency of different crops in the study area. The income is diminishing along with the increasing of planting scale, in the corn planting area, which shows the opposite trend in the soybean planting area. （3） Amount of fertilizer per unit area, agricultural machine power, and yield per hectare etc. show significant impact on the land use efficiency. The results can provide scientific basis for improving the utilization efficiency of the cultivated land in black soil area of the Northeast China. The government should strengthen the scale of production management to improve technical efficiency, pay attention to the supervision and guidance to improve the black soil area at the cultivated land use efficiency and protect cultivated land resources and safeguard farmers＇income.