基于选择实验法的市民城市林业支付意愿研究

Using choice experiment method to evaluate the citizens' willingness to pay for urban forestry in Beijing

提要:以2016年北京市五环路范围内的市民实地调研问卷数据为例,采用选择实验法(CEM)对北京市居民对城市林业的支付意愿及行为进行了研究,测算出北京市民对不同城市林业属性状态水平的偏好、各属性的边际价值以及不同组合方案的相对价值,从而间接得出市民对城市林业的支付意愿及额度。研究结果表明:1)市民普遍倾向于较低的城市林业支付费用、较高的绿化覆盖率、较多的公园数量,尤其是较为完善的公园管理;2)教育、收入、家庭人口数以及市民化程度会对其市民效用产生显著影响,而性别、年龄对市民效用的影响并不显著;3)城市林业各个属性的边际价值存在较大差异,其中公园管理的价值最高,达到了146.36元;4)绿化覆盖率不断提高、公园数量不断增加并且有专人进行管理的城市林业组合方案是市民的最佳选择,其每年每人的支付意愿总计达到327.40元。

Based on the theory of Choice Experiment Method （ CEM）, we analyzed the urban forestry payment willingness with the field survey data of 1000 residents within the 6 central districts of Beijing in 2016. Through the calculation of citizens＇ preferences, the marginal values of different attributes of urban forestry, and relative values of different combinations of urban forestry attributes, we indirectly obtained citizens＇ willingness and the amount to pay for urban forestry. The results show that ： （ 1 ） Citizens generally favored lower urban forestry fees, higher green coverage, more parks and especially better park management. （2） Education, family income, pop- ulation and urbanization level had a significant impact on the public utility, while the effect of gender and age was not significant. （3） There were big differences among the marginal values of all the urban forestry attributes, among which the park management showed the highest value as 146.36 Yuan. （4） The best choice of urban for- estry for citizens is of parks that are with rising green coverage rate, increasing of number and specialized man- agement, the total willingness to pay per person per year reached 327.40 Yuan.