不同类型毒品使用者性病艾滋病相关危险行为分析

Analysis of related risk behaviors of STD and AIDS among various types of drug abusers

目的了解不同类型毒品使用者性病艾滋病相关危险行为情况。方法随机抽取400名吸毒者进行匿名问卷调查,并进行HIV、HCV、梅毒抗体检测。结果调查的吸毒人群男性、初中及以下文化程度居多,初次吸毒年龄26~35岁居首,占42.00%,初次吸毒以好奇、受同伴影响为主要原因,烫吸为主要吸毒方式。与吸毒有关联的性行为103例,其中24例为与其他共吸人员发生性行为。近一年32例吸毒者有过临时或商业性伴,其中14例偶尔使用安全套,2例从不使用安全套。发现艾滋病3例,均为既往已报告病例。发现梅毒感染者37例,HCV感染者162例,感染率分别为9.25%和40.50%。吸食新型毒品超过传统毒品人数,主要吸毒场所为朋友家里,获得毒品途径也常通过朋友,传统毒品丙肝阳性率高于新型毒品使用者。结论应加强对家长的宣传,注意青年人的日常行为及动向,防止其结交不良朋友,加大力度遏制新型毒品的泛滥,对吸毒者的行为进行干预,以降低因吸毒与性乱共同导致艾滋病病毒传播的风险。

Objective To understand the situation of the related risk behaviors of sexually transmitted disease （STD） and acquired immune deficiency syndrome （AIDS） among various types of drug abusers. Methods A total of 400 drug abusers were randomly selected and investigated with anonymous questionnaires. The antibodies of HIV, HCV, and syphilis were detected for them. Results The sexuality and education level of most drug abusers were male and below the junior middle school, respectively. Most of them, accounted for 42.00%, had their first drug at the age of 26-35 years, mainly because of curiosity and the impact of partners. Snorting was the main method. There happened 103 sexual behaviors which were related to drug-taking, and 24 of them were with other drug abusers. During the last year, 32 abusers had temporary or commercial sex, and 14 of them made use of condoms occasionally and 2 abusers never used condoms. The numbers of HIV, syphilis and HCV were 3 （0.75%）, 37 （9.25%） and 162 （40.50%） respectively. New-type drug users outnumbered traditional drug users, and the HCV positive rate was opposite to the above-mentioned results. In most cases, drug was got from friends, and drug abusing always occurred at friends＇ dwelling places. Conclusions It is time to strengthen the propaganda for parents and pay attention to the daily behaviors of teenagers, especially their bad friends. To curb the proliferation of new drugs and intervene with the drug abusers＇ behaviors are beneficial for reducing the risk of AIDS.