长三角城市创新空间的集聚与溢出效应

Spatial agglomeration and spillover effects of urban innovation in Yangtze River Delta

选取长三角地区各城市2001-2012年专利申请受理量作为表征各城市创新水平指标,采用变异系数、基尼系数、赫芬达尔指数和空间自相关指标和方法,考察长三角地区创新空间格局演变特征,并使用空间回归分析方法,探讨长三角地区创新空间差异的影响因素。研究表明:(1)长三角地区整体创新空间差异和创新集中度呈下降趋势,近年来已趋向稳定。(2)长三角地区创新空间格局仍处在动态变化之中,但已基本形成以上海、南京为端点的创新高值集聚带。长三角地区创新空间已表现出正的空间相关性,但呈现出波动变化特征,空间相关性并不显著,仍存在一定程度的空间异质性。(3)城市创新已表现出一定程度的空间溢出效应。创新综合投入、创新环境和创新规模是长三角地区创新空间差异的主要影响因素。

The purpose of this paper is to investigate and evaluate the spatial distribution of urban innovation in the Yangtze River Delta. In this study, the data of innovation ability of 16 cities in the Yangtze River Delta region from 2001 to 2012 were selected. Based on the coefficient of variation, Gini coefficient, Herfindahl-Hirschman index, spatial autocorrelation and spatial regression analysis method, combined with GIS spatial analysis, SPSS data analysis tools and Geoda software, this paper examines the spatiotemporal change and influencing factors of innovation capability in the Yangtze River Delta cities. The main conclusions are as follows： （1） The overall spatial differentiation and innovation concentrations of the region have been stable in recent years. （2） The spatial pattern of innovation is still in dynamic change, but a high innovation output zone which consist of Shanghai, Suzhou, Wuxi, Changzhou and Nanjing has formed. The innovation space in the delta has shown fluctuating characteristics, with a minor positive spatial correlation among cities. This indicates that a certain degree of spatial heterogeneity exists in the Yangtze River Delta region. （3） Urban innovation has shown a certain degree of spatial spillover effect. The level of investment, environment and scale of the innovation are the main factors influencing the spatial differentiation of innovation capacity of cities in the region. The research results provide some guidance for the improvement of city innovation capacity and regional sustainable development of the Yangtze River Delta.