抗洪抢险爆破施工与安全技术

Blasting construction and safety technology of flood-fighting and rescue

为安全、快速地完成抗洪抢险任务,采用约束药包控制爆破法拆除横穿南澧河的拦河坝。根据炸药爆炸的作用原理、爆破漏斗理论和实践中得到的炸药能量的利用率,推算出单个药包的炸药量为200kg。为得到满足要求的泄洪槽,将3个药包顺坝面交错布置为等腰三角形,并采用复式非电起爆网路以确保安全起爆。并根据理论计算公式校核了爆破振动、空气冲击波超压和爆破飞石。实践表明,此次爆破泄洪非常成功,达到了预期的效果,可为类似工程提供参考。

In order to safely and rapidly complete the flood-fighting and rescue,the controlled blasting method with confined charge was applied to demolish diversion dam across Nanli river.According to the principle of explosive explosion,blasting crater theory and the utilization ratio of explosive energy obtained in practice,the explosive amount of single explosive charge was calculated to be 200 kg.To meet the requirements of the spillway,3charges were arranged in an isosceles triangle along the dam surface,and the double non-electric initiation network was used to ensure detonate safely.Blasting vibration,air shock wave overpressure and blasting flyrock were checked according to the theoretical formula.The blasting practice showed that this flood discharge by blasting was very successful and the desired effect was achieved.It could provide a reference for similar projects.