多点分布载荷下TBM刀盘系统振动响应分析

Vibration response analysis of TBM cutterhead system under multi-point distributed loads

刀盘系统是全断面隧道掘进机(tunnel boring machine,TBM)装备的核心部件,其工作环境极端恶劣,系统振动剧烈,导致关键构件发生异常失效,影响整机掘进效率。为此,有必要研究TBM刀盘系统的动态特性,分析不同参数对结构振动响应的影响,为系统设计及参数匹配提供理论基础。基于已有的TBM刀盘系统动力学模型,以某供水工程TBM刀盘系统为研究对象,对空间多点分布载荷下刀盘振动响应的参数影响规律进行了分析。研究结果表明,刀盘的分体质量比例控制在13%~14%时,刀盘轴向振动最小;刀盘转速高于2r/min时,其径向及扭转振动波动较明显,且得到了一系列峰值突变的转速点;驱动小齿轮均匀布置时,刀盘径向振动最小,振动幅度比非均匀布置时小近30%。分析结果可为刀盘的结构设计及系统参数匹配提供指导。

Cutterhead system is the core component of TBM（tunnel boring machine）equipment,which works in extremely poor conditions.Due to the excessive vibration,the abnormal failure of key components will occur and it can influence the whole machine efficiency.Hence,it is necessary to study the dynamic characteristics of the TBM cutterhead system and analyze the influence of different parameters on vibration response,which can provide a theoretical basis for the system design and parameter matching.Based on the dynamics model of TBM cutterhead system,a TBM cutterhead system of a diversion project was taken as an application instance,the parameter influence laws of cutterhead vibration response under spatial multi-point distributed loads were analyzed.The results showed that the cutterhead vibration was the smallest when the mass ratio of cutterhead piece was controlled in the range of 13%-14%.Moreover,the cutterhead radial and torsional vibration fluctuations were relatively obvious when the rotate speed was higher than 2r/min,and a series of peak mutation speed points were obtained.Furthermore,when the driving pinions were arranged in a uniform distribution,the cutterhead radial vibration was the smallest,and the vibration amplitude was smaller nearly 30% than that of the non-uniform arrangement.The analysis results can guide the structural design of cutterhead and system parameters matching.