福州某养殖场金黄色葡萄球菌的污染现状及耐药性研究

Study on contamination status and drug resistance of Staphylococcus aureus in a farm,Fuzhou city

目的了解福州某养殖场中金黄色葡萄球菌的污染状况及耐药情况。方法 2015、2016年于某养殖场猪育肥前期后期分别采集生猪活体的猪生物活体、猪场环境表面涂抹、饲料等样品158份,进行金黄色葡萄球菌的分离鉴定、肠毒素的分型及耐药性实验。结果 158份样品中共有13份样品检出金黄色葡萄球菌,检出率为8.23%,其中育肥前期的79份样品中检出3株金黄色葡萄球菌,检出率为3.80%;育肥后期的79份样品检出10株金黄色葡萄球菌,检出率为12.66%(P<0.05)。13株菌株中产肠毒素阳性率为92.31%,以SEE型居多占50.00%,SEA的检出率为25.00%、SEC和SEB的检出率为41.67%、SED的检出率为33.33%。13株菌株中对环丙沙星、阿莫西林、青霉素、四环素、氯霉素、庆大霉素、苯唑西林、链霉素、头孢他啶、红霉素等常见抗生素表现出高度耐药,高达100%;头孢噻肟耐药率53.80%、磺胺复合物耐药率为46.15%。结论养殖场育肥后期金黄色葡萄球菌的污染率高于育肥前期;13株金黄色葡萄球菌多重耐药现象较严重,产肠毒素特性较高。

Objective To understand the contamination status and drug resistance of Staphylococcus aureus in a farm of Fuzhou city. Methods In 2015 and 2016 ,before and after the fattening pigs,158 samples were collected on pig creatures living from pigs live, surface smear from farm environment and feed, for Staphylococcus aureus and enterotoxin identifica- tion classification and resistance experiment. Results In a total of 158 samples, Staphylococcus aureus were detected in 13, the detection rate was 8.23 % ,in 79 samples before the fattening, 3 strains of Staphylococcus aureus were detected, the detection rate was 3.80%;in 79 samples after the fattening, 10 strains of Staphylococcus aureus were detected,the detection rate was 12.66 % （ P 〈0.05）. In 13 strains, the enterotoxin positive rate was 92.31%, in the majority with SEE type （50.00%） ,the SEA detection rate was 25.00% ,the SEC and SEB detection rate was 41.67% ,and the SED detection rate was 33.33 %. 13 strains were highly resistant to common antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin, amoxicillin, penicillin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, gentamycin, benzene azole, erythromycin, streptomycin, and cephalosporins, up to 100% ; The drug resistance rate of cefotaxime resistance and sulfonamide compounds was 46.15 % and 53. 80% respectively. Conclusion The contamination rate of Staphylococcus aureus is higher after the fattening than that before the fattening ; the multiple drug resistance in 13 strains of Staphylococcus aureus is relatively serious, enterotoxin production characteristics is higher.