论地方政府规章和行政规范性文件的制定事项范围划分标准

On the Way of the Scope Division Standard of Enacting Matters between Rules of Local Governments and Administrative Regulatory Documents

我国现行法律、法规、规章对地方政府规章和行政规范性文件的制定事项范围作了规定,但现实中两者制定事项范围划分不清的现象仍较为严重。准确划分两者制定事项范围是合理配置地方政府立法资源、监督行政权力行使、维护公民、法人和其他组织合法权益的现实需要。现有划分标准存在部分上位法的具体规定较为抽象、难以准确理解"立法"含义、制定事项的重要性程度主要由制定机关判断等问题。应当构建更为合法、合理的划分标准,即法律、法规和规章关于两者制定事项范围有明确规定的,应当严格按照规定执行;在有上位法依据的前提下,应当采取重要性标准划分两者的制定事项范围;行政规范性文件的制定事项范围应当受到更为严格地限制。

Laws, regulations and rules in our country have enacted provisions for scope of matters between rules of local governments and administrative regulatory documents,but it is very serious for dividing the scope of their matters unclearly. Dividing the scope of their matters accurately is the necessary demand of allocating the legislative resources of local government, supervising the execution of administrative power, and safeguarding legal interests of citizens, legal persons and other organizations. The current division standard has existed the problems of the abstract provisions of superior legislation, understanding the meaning of legislation incorrectly, and the important degree of matters is decided by the enacting organ. A reasonable and legitimate dividing standard should include that executing the provisions strictly if laws, regulations and rules have enacted clear provisions for the scope of their matters;adopting the important dividing standard on the premise of executing the provisions of superior legislation; and the matter scope of administrative regulatory documents should be limited strictly.