恩施市农村与城镇居民精神卫生知识知晓及服务需求状况调查

Investigation on Awareness of Mental Health Knowledge and Service Demands of Rural and Urban Residents in Enshi City

目的:探讨恩施市农村与城镇居民精神卫生知识知晓及服务需求状况。方法:采用整群随机抽样方法,选取恩施市城镇和农村居民各1700名,以自制问卷对其基本资料、精神卫生知识知晓和服务需求状况进行调查分析。结果:城镇和农村居民性别、年龄及婚姻状况等比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),年收入、医疗状况和文化程度等方面,城镇居民显著优于农村居民,比较差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);农村居民精神卫生知识知晓率显著低于城镇居民,城镇和农村居民对精神分裂症、老年痴呆症、抑郁症和焦虑症的知晓率均较低,其中农村低于城镇,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);城镇居民精神卫生服务需求显著高于农村,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:应强化农村精神卫生知识的宣传和普及,提高知晓率,促进农村居民的心理和精神健康。

Objective： To explore the awareness of mental health knowledge and service demands of rural and urban residents in Enshi City. Methods： Each 1700 cases of rural and urban residents in Enshi city were randomly selected, who were carried out the investigation and analysis of the basic data, the knowledge of mental health and the service demands situation by self-made questionnaire. Results： There were no statistically significant differences in the basic data such as gender, age, marital status, and so on between the rural and urban residents （P〉0.05）. The annual income, medical status and cultural level of urban residents were significantly better than those of rural residents, the differences were statistically significant （P〈0.05）.The awareness rate of mental health knowledge of rural residents was significantly lower than that of urban residents. The awareness rates of schizophrenia, Alzheimer% disease, depression and anxiety disorders of rural and urban residents were low, of which the rural residents were sig- nificantly lower than those of the urban residents. The differences were statistically significant （P〈0.05）. The demands for mental health services in urban residents were significantly higher than those in rural areas. The differences were statistically significant （P 〈0.05）. Conclusion： The propaganda and popularization of rural mental health knowledge should be strengthened to improve peo- ple% awareness rate and promote the mental health of rural residents.