小型光伏电站成本回收问题的研究

COST RECOVERY STUDY OF SMALL-SIZED PV GENERATION PLANT

为了给青岛地区的用户在安装小型分布式光伏并网电站时提供理论依据,对青岛地区小型光伏电站成本回收问题进行研究。以青岛大学自建光伏电站为例,说明适用于青岛地区的屋顶小型光伏并网电站的安装与测量方法;实际测量、统计、筛选电站安全运行期间内的天气与发电数据,得到870组有效数据,实际验证青岛地区各个月份的光照时间、实际发电时间、日发电量之间的关系,分析影响青岛地区光伏发电的因素,并重点分析湿度与风速对日发电量的影响;给出光伏电站运行维护的一般经验,得到适用于青岛地区的以查表法为基础的预测年发电量的公式,计算电站回收成本需要的时间。

In order to provide theory basis to the consumers about installing small-sized distributed on-grid PV power system, the cost recovery of small-sized PV power system in Qingdao was studied. Taking self built PV power system as an example, the installation and measurement methods of the small-sized PV power system on the rooftops in Qingdao were introduced. 870 groups of effective data were got through actual measurement, count, filter of weather data and power generation data in the safe operation period of PV power station. The relations of solar radiation duration, duration of actual generation and daily electricity output for each month in Qingdao were actually verified, the factors affecting PV power generation in Qingdao were analyzed, and the effect of humidity and wind speed on daily electricity output was analyzed especially. Some experiences for operation and maintenance were proposed. Therefore, the formula to forecast the annual electricity output in Qingdao was obtained based on the look-up table method, the duration for realizing the full-cost recovery was calculated.