新疆不同社会阶层少数民族的高等教育入学机会差异研究

Research on Differences in University Entrance Opportunities for Ethnic Minorities of Different Social Strata in Xinjiang

高等教育的扩招使得高等教育入学机会的公平性问题成为社会关注的焦点。然而,多民族成分及区域经济发展现状的差异使得新疆社会分层呈现出特有的规律和特点。通过对新疆10所不同类型高校1 470名少数民族大学生的问卷调查数据,结合部分统计年鉴资料,分别探讨了家庭社会资本、经济资本、文化资本对其高等教育入学机会的影响。最终发现新疆不同社会阶层少数民族学生高等教育入学机会及就读高校类型均存在显著差异。

Enrollment expansion of higher education has provided more opportunities for students from lower social stratum to move up to higher social stratum. However, due to complicated ethnic backgrounds and the big gap in economic development in different regions, social stratum in Xinjiang has its unique characteristics. Based on the survey data of 1470 ethnic students at 10 universities of different types in Xinjiang and some statistical yearbook data, this paper discusses the influence of family, social, economic and cultural capital on their entrance opportunities. The findings show that there are significant differences in entrance opportunity and university type for ethnic students from different social strata in Xinjiang.