健康青年人双足间的距离对静态站立平衡功能的影响

The effects of stance width on static standing balance

目的 探讨健康青年人静态站立时双足间的距离对平衡功能的影响，为平衡功能训练提供理论基础。 方法 选取健康青年受试者30例，其中男7例，女23例，分别在睁眼和闭眼两种方式下，采用平衡评估训练仪评估双足并拢站立、双足分开（50cm）站立和双足最适距离站立3种模式下的静态平衡功能，即压力中心（COP）的相关参数，包括前后摆动幅度标准差、左右摆动幅度标准差、前后平均运动速度、左右平均运动速度、运动椭圆面积、运动长度共6个量化指标，并进行数据分析。 结果 双足最适距离站立时，双侧足跟间平均距离为（18.63±3.67）cm，双侧足尖间平均距离为（29.60±4.93）cm。在睁眼和闭眼状态下，双足并拢站立时的前后摆动幅度标准差、左右摆动幅度标准差、前后平均运动速度、左右平均运动速度、运动椭圆面积和运动长度与双足分开（50cm）站立和最适距离站立时比较，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）；睁眼和闭眼状态下，双足最适距离站立时的左右摆动幅度标准差、左右平均运动速度、运动椭圆面积、运动长度与双足分开（50cm）站立时比较，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。 结论 健康青年人在静态站立时，双下肢间有最适距离，在这种距离下，站立静态平衡功能最佳。

Objective To explore the effect of stance width on balance in static standing. Methods Thirty healthy young subjects were evaluated using the PRO-KIN balance training apparatus. They stood with their eyes open and closed in three stances： feet together, feet 50 cm apart, and feet a comfortable distance apart （measured as 18.63±3.67 cm between the heels and 29.60±4.93 cm between the toes）. The excursions of the center of pressure （COP）, the standard deviation of their longitudinal sway （SDLS）, the standard deviation of their horizontal sway （SDHS）, the mean longitudinal and horizontal sway velocities （MVLS and MVHS）, sway length （SL） and sway area （SA） were recorded. Results With the eyes either open or closed, significant differences in all of the COP data were observed when standing in the different stances. The average SDHS, MVHS, SL and SA were all significantly better when standing comfortably than when standing with the feet 50cm apart whether the eyes were open or closed. Conclusion There is a proper distance between the feet where healthy youngsters best maintain static standing balance.