MOOC与中小学教育整合的目标与路径:美国的经验

The Objective and Path of Integrating MOOC into K-12 Education:Experiences of the USA

MOOC在高等教育领域的推广应用取得了令人惊异的成绩,许多人将其视为未来高等教育发展的希望。近年来,随着MOOC应用领域的不断拓展,高等教育领域的MOOC火焰逐渐在中小学教育领域燃烧起来。作为全球MOOC运动的开拓者和领导者,美国积极推进MOOC与中小学教育的整合,并将降低教学成本、改善教育公平、应对教师短缺、实现个别化教学和促进学习交流作为整合的主要目标。为了提高MOOC与中小学教育整合的有效性,美国将教师专业发展、教育机构之间的紧密合作、混合式教学的广泛开展以及大学预备课程建设作为整合的基本路径。从目前的发展情势来看,MOOC与中小学教育的整合在美国已经取得了一系列的进展,但在推进整合的过程中也面临着诸多的挑战,需要对存在的各种问题进行积极的反思。

The application of MOOC in higher education has achieved amazing re- suits, and many people regard it as the hope of higher education development in the future. In reeent years, as the application fields broadening persistently, the MOOC flame in higher education burns in K12 education gradually. As the pioneer and leader of MOOC movement in the world, the United States actively promote for integrating MOOC into K12 education, and take redueing the teaching eost, improving the education fairness, dealing with the shortage of teachers, realizing individualized teaching and promoting learning communica- tion as the main goals of integration. In order to improve the effectiveness of integrating MOOC into K12 education, the United States take teachers＂ professional development, close cooperation between education institutions, hybrid teaching extensively developed, and the college preparatory curriculum construction as the basic routes of integration. From the point of the current development situation, integrating MOOC into K12 education has been made a series of progress in the United States, but is also facing many challenges in the process of integrating, so we need to rethink all kinds of problems positively.