校内补课活动与校外补习对韩国中学生未来生涯准备的多层次影响分析

A Multi-Level Study:Investigating the Effect of After Class Activities in Schools and Private Learning Activities outside Schools on 15-Year Old Students' Preparation for Future Career in Korea

韩国中学盛行补习文化。针对韩国PISA 2012的数据,透过多层次的实证分析可以发现:学生校内补课活动、校外补习参与和未来生涯准备三者之间存在显著关联。校外补习对学生未来生涯准备具有积极影响;韩国教育当局所推行的"课外教育"计划没有起到降低学生参与校外补习的预期效果,但是该计划中的校内补课活动对学生的未来生涯准备仍会产生直接及间接的正向影响;校内补课活动与校外补习对韩国中学生未来生涯准备具有交互作用的影响,对于在校补课活动比较少的学生,校外补习对其未来生涯的准备带来了较大帮助。

Given that attending cram schools is a hot issue in Korea, this study investi- gated the effect of after class activities in schools （ACAIS） and private learning activities outside schools （PLAOS） on 15-year old students＂ preparation for future career （PFFC） in Korea with multi-level analysis. Based on PISA 2012, the results showed these three vari- ables were significantly intereorrelated. The conclusion was： PLAOS is positive to students＂ PFFC ; The policy of ＂after class activities＂ carried out by South Korea government does not reduce the size of PLAOS. However, ACAIS has direct and indirect positive influences on students＂ PFFC; There is an interaction effect between ACAIS and PLAOS on students＂ PFFC. For students in less ACAIS, it is suggested that they still need to participate in PLAOS because the higher positive effect from PLAOS on PFFC for them.