声望与文化资本的权衡:我国退役运动员职业地位两极化研究

Balance Between Reputation and Culture Capital:A Research on the Polarization of Professional Status of Retired Athletes in China

采用文献资料法,通过对退役运动员职业声望和文化资本概念的界定与运用,来分析我国退役运动员职业地位两极化现象。研究认为:退役运动员的职业声望是运动员成绩资本的一种表现形式;而文化资本对于退役运动员这一特殊群体分别表现为具体化、客体化和体制化三种不同形式。结合退役运动员职业地位两极化的不同案例进行分析,得出造成两极化的原因是以下三个内部因素:退役运动员成绩资本转化为职业声望的不彻底;过于注重自身的职业声望而忽视对文化资本的获取;声望与文化资本在职业地位获得中的发展不协调。

Through the adoption of documentation method,and the measurement and application on the notions of retired athletes＇ professional reputation and culture capital,the paper makes an analysis on the phenomenon of polarization in retired athletes ＇ professional status.The research brings a conclusion that retired athletes＇ professional reputation is a form of their records experiences.But culture capital exerts different forms on this special group of people（retired athletes）,respectively are specification,objectification and systematization.By making an analysis on different cases concerned with the retired athletes＇ professional status polarization,this paper concludes that there are three inner factors that lead to polarization, respectively are incomplete transformation from the retired athletes＇ records experiences to their professional reputation,too much emphasis on self-reputation with an overlook at the acquisition of culture capital and an imbalance between the development of reputation and culture capital in the acquisition of professional status.