白浆土施有机肥及石灰对土壤酶活性与大豆产量的影响

Effects of organic fertilizer and lime application on soil enzyme and soybean yield in planosol

白浆土是我国东北地区主要低产土壤之一,土体中白浆层通气透水能力极差,生物酶活性很低,导致土壤表旱表涝严重,旱田作物根系有效土层一般只有20 cm左右。为研究白浆土增施有机肥及石灰对大豆土壤酶活性及大豆产量的影响,设置了4个处理。结果表明3种酶活性均为:常规施肥+有机肥>常规施肥+石灰+有机肥>常规施肥>常规施肥+石灰,说明有机肥的施用增加了土壤酶活性,石灰的施用降低了土壤酶活性;有机肥施用增加了土壤有机质,石灰施用增加土壤pH值,与对照相比,常规施肥+石灰处理大豆增产23.76%;常规施肥+有机肥处理增产28.32%;常规施肥+石灰+有机肥处理增产13.07%。说明有机肥及石灰无论是单独施用或是组合施用均对大豆增产有效。

Planosol is one of the major low yield upland soils in the Northeast part of China. The albic horizon beneath the top- soil has low aeration, water permeability, and soil enzyme activity, this caused the topsoil suffer alternately excessive water and drought during the growing season, and its available layer for upland crops roots is only about 20 cm. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of organic fertilizer and lime application on soil enzyme and yield of soybean in planosol. Four treatments, namely the conventional fertilizer application （CK） , the conventional fertilizer application ＋ lime （ CK ＋ Lime）, the conventional fertilizer application ＋ organic fertilizer （CK ＋ OF） and the conventional fertilizer application ＋ lime ＋ organic fertilizer （CK ＋ Lime ＋ OF） . Soil enzyme activities, including catalase, urease, intervase, were investigated at soybean maturity. The test fields were operated in the 853 farm, Heilongjiang province, and the indicator crop was soy- bean. The results showed that soil enzyme activity was CK ＋ OF 〉 CK ＋ Lime ＋ OF 〉 CK 〉 CK ＋ OF, and the soil or- ganic was increased by organic fertilizer, the pH of soil was increased by lime. The three treatments increased soybean yield by 23.76 % , 2g. 32% , 13.07% , respectively. The organic fertilizer and lime increased yield of soybean by separate or combi nation application.