膨化全脂大豆对延边黄牛SCD基因表达及肌肉脂肪酸含量的影响

Effect of puffing full-fat soybean on Yanbian cattle SCD gene expression and fatty acid content in muscle

为了探讨饲喂膨化全脂大豆对延边黄牛肝脏、肌肉和脂肪组织中硬脂酰辅酶A去饱和酶(SCD)基因表达的影响及其与肌肉脂肪酸含量的相关性。选取健康、体重相近的延边黄牛阉牛8头,随机分为两个处理组,每组4头,对照组饲喂全混合日粮,试验组用膨化全脂大豆替代全混合日粮中的豆粕,并保证日粮营养水平不变,试验期为90 d。试验结束后屠宰,采集肝脏、肌肉、脂肪组织,检测SCD基因的表达量,并与肌肉脂肪酸含量进行相关分析。结果表明:SCD基因在肌肉中的表达量试验组极显著高于对照组(P<0.01);在肝脏和脂肪中的表达量试验组低于对照组,但差异不显著(P>0.05);SCD基因表达量与肌肉中棕榈油酸(C161)含量呈显著正相关(P<0.05),相关系数为0.999;与油酸(C181)含量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),相关系数为0.995;与亚油酸(C182)含量呈显著正相关(P<0.05),相关系数为0.975。膨化全脂大豆替代全混合日粮中的豆粕增加了SCD基因在肌肉中的表达量,能够改变牛肉脂肪酸组成,使牛肉富含有益人体的不饱和脂肪酸。

Test was designed to study puffing full-fat soybean of Yanbian cattle stearyl coenzyme A de- saturation enzyme （stearoy 1 - CoA desatu - rase, SCD） in the liver, muscle and adipose tissue expres- sion differences and relevance to the muscle fatty acid content. Test was to select health, similar weight of Yanbian cattle eight oxen, divided into experimental group and the control group, each group of 4 heads, trial of 90 d. Control group feeding the mixed diet, patients with puffing full-fat soybean in- stead of full hybrid soybean meal in the diet, and to ensure that the diet nutrition level remained the same. After the feeding experiment, collecting the liver, muscle, adipose tissue, test group and control group in bovine liver, muscle and adipose tissue of SCD gene expression, and correlation analysis with muscle fatty acid content. The results showed that the amount of SCD gene expression in the muscle group was significantly higher than the control group （P〈0.01）; Quantity expressed in the liver and fat in the experimental group was lower than the control group, but no significant difference （P〉0.05）; SCD gene expression and acid （C16： 1） content in muscle was significantly positive correlation（P〈 0.05）, the correlation coefficient was 0.999; And oleic acid （C18 ＂ 1） content was extremely significant positive correlation （P〈0.01）, the correlation coef- ficient was 0.995; And linoleic acid （C18： 2） content was significantly positive correlation （P〈 0.05）, the correlation coefficient was 0.975. Puff- ing full-fat soybean instead of full hybrid soy- bean meal in the diet increased the amount of SCD gene expression in the muscles, could change the fatty acid composition of beef and heef were rich in unsaturated fatty acids which were beneficial to people.