促生长抗生素作用机理及其替代方案的重新思考

Rethinking about mechanism of antibiotic growth promoter and its alternatives

众所周知,从今年4月起硫酸黏杆菌素已不再允许作为促生长用途使用,这也开启真正意义的饲料后抗生素时代。而在此之前的十几年中,全球范围内各种抗生素替代产品或方案早已在行业会议中屡见不鲜,应用效果不尽相同,总体差强人意(Philip A Thacker,2013)。尽管促生长抗生素(Antibiotic Growth Promoter,AGP)已近黄昏,但略显尴尬的是,我们对AGP促生长的作用机理依然不很明确,传统的观点认为AGP的各种作用效果都是基于抗生素对肠道微生物的直接作用,但也有新的文献表明,AGP对宿主的肠道免疫和炎症反应具有调控作用,文章旨在简要总结和分析近些年来有代表性的观点,给大家的无抗方案提供更多一些理论借鉴。

As we all know, Colistin is no longer permitted to be used for growth-promoting purpose in China since April 2017, which finally leads our feed industry to the real post-antibiotic era. As a mat- ter of fact, there have always been certain alternatives or programs coming out somewhere in the mar- ket aiming to replace antibiotic growth promoter （AGP） in last decade or even earlier. However, the out- come varies a lot, generally not as satisfactory （Philip A Thacker, 2013）. Although AGP is going to step off the stage of feed history, it is somewhat embarrassing that we are still not quite clear about its mode of action for growth promoting. Traditionally, dominated viewpoints were focused on the direct in- hibiting effect of antibiotics on microbes, but there were still impressive publications that explore nov- el possibility the effect of antibiotics on host intestinal cell, by modifying immune response and in- hibiting inflammation. The purpose of this paper is to review some of the representative standpoints in last decade and offer some inspiration to the development of AGP free program.