新文化运动时期的思想论战与现代性焦虑

The Ideological Debate and Anxiety of Modernity in the New Cultural Movement

新文化运动时期,中国知识界出现了"东西文化论战"和"科玄论战"两场大规模论战。论战主体基于对中国未来出路的探索,针对究竟是取法西方还是依据东方、究竟是奉行科技理性还是生命哲学而展开。两场论战的主题虽然不同,但它们共同折射出现代中国知识界在思考现代性问题时呈现出的集体性焦虑。晚清以来,中国知识分子遭遇了现代性的宿命,但因思想主体的现代性体验有所游移,关于现代性的参照系和方式一直存有争议。这体现出现代中国知识界建构中国在现代性体系中位置的强烈愿望,以及愿望达成之前所必须面对的身份认同危机。

China＇ s intelligentsia witnessed two large - scale debates on the debate over the East West cul- ture and the debate over the science and metaphysics during the New Cultural Movement in order to ex- plore the future road of China. Two debates are different in themes, but they reflect the anxiety of moder- nity. Since the late Qing dynasty, China＇ s intellectuals have encountered the fate of modernity, but the reference frame and manner of modernity have always been controversial. This reflects the strong desire of the modern Chinese intelligentsia to construct the position of China in the modern system, and the identity crisis that must face before the desire to succeed.