女性乳腺癌患者化疗期间卵巢功能的保护

Protection of ovarian function for female breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy

乳腺癌是女性常见的恶性肿瘤。近年来，手术治疗、化疗等综合治疗明显改善了患者的预后。但化疗给年轻女性患者带来的卵巢功能损害降低了患者的生存质量。目前化疗患者卵巢功能保护的方法有激素类药物的应用、卵巢组织冷冻技术、卵母细胞冷冻技术、胚胎冷冻技术、细胞凋亡抑制剂等，每种方法各有优缺点及适用范围。本文就卵巢功能的保护等相关问题进行了阐述。

Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in females. Recent years, surgery, chemotherapy as well as other systemic therapy had greatly improved the prognosis of the patients. However, dam-age of ovarian function by chemotherapy lowered life quality, especially for young females. At present, there are sev-eral methods to protect the ovarian function of female patients undergoing chemotherapy, such as administration of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone （GnRH） analogs, ovarian cryopreservation, unfertilized ova cryopreservation, em-bryo cryopreservation, inhibitors of apoptosis, etc. Each method has its advantage, disadvantage and indications. Is-sues related to ovarian protection are reviewed here.