蔗糖在气孔运动调节中的功能研究进展

Recent advances on the functions of sucrose in stomatal movement regulation

保卫细胞中渗透调节物质浓度的可逆变化调控着植物叶片表面气孔张开与关闭。虽然长期以来蔗糖被认为是保卫细胞中的一种渗透调节物质,但最近的研究表明蔗糖在保卫细胞中除了有渗透调节物质的功能外,还有一些其他方面的作用。本文围绕保卫细胞中蔗糖的合成、积累、降解以及蔗糖作为叶肉细胞和保卫细胞代谢之间的连接,主要介绍了蔗糖在保卫细胞中的各种调节作用。总结了保卫细胞一些与代谢有关高表达的基因,包括编码蔗糖和己糖转运体基因、糖异生化作用途径相关基因、蔗糖和海藻糖代谢基因以及一些C4代谢标记的基因。通过讨论分析保卫细胞中这些相关基因的可能功能以及蔗糖在气孔启闭中的作用,为进一步阐明保卫细胞碳代谢以及蔗糖在气孔运动中的调控作用提供基础。

Regulation of stomatal movement involves reversible changes in the concentration of osmolytes in guard cells. It is well known that sucrose has an osmolytic role in guard cells. However, except for osmolytic role, recent studies indicate that sucrose may possess other roles in guard cells. Here, we emphasized the various roles of sucrose in guard cell regulation, including the synthesis, accumulation, and degradation of sucrose, and summarized some genes encoding sucrose and hexose transporters and genes involved in sucrose and trehalose metabolism in guard cells. We analyzed the possible roles of these genes between guard cell function and stomatal movement, and provided further understanding of both guard cell metabolism and stomatal movement regulation.