基坑开挖的实测分析与短期预测方法探索

Experimental Analysis and Short Term Prediction Method of Foundation Pit Excavation

为研究基坑开挖对周围环境的影响和提高基坑监测分析的及时性,根据基坑工程的实际案例,通过使用测量仪器如水准仪、全站仪和轴力计等对沉降、水平位移和轴力等进行监测,得到冠梁,支护桩,周边地表和临近建筑的变形规律,并采用指数平滑法分析监测数据,预测基坑各项安全指标的变化趋势,此方法只适用于短期预测。分析结果表明,基坑的开挖深度和基坑侧面施工机械和大面积的堆载对于基坑的变形有很大影响,但钢支撑的及时架设可以有效的控制基坑的变形。采用指数平滑法进行预测能够弥补监控量测的滞后性,对于实际工程具有重要的指导意义。

In order to study the influence of excavation on the surrounding environment and improve the timeliness of the analysis and analysis of the foundation pit, according to the actual case of foundation pit engineering, the deformation law of crown beam, supporting pile, surrounding surface and adjacent building are obtained through measuring instruments such as leveling, total station and axial force meter, Axial force and so on. And the monitoring data are analyzed by exponential smoothing method to predict the change trend of safety index of foundation pit only in the case of Short-term forecast. The results show that the excavation depth of the foundation pit, the construction machinery and the large area of the foundation pit have great influence on the deformation of the foundation pit, but the timely construction of the steel support can effectively control the deformation of the foundation pit. The use of exponential smoothing method to predict can be a good remedy for the measurement of the lag, and has important guiding significance for the actual project.