中华传统节日的演变与传承

Evolvement and Inheriting of Traditional Chinese Festival

中华传统节日符号以节物、节俗、节信、节语为形态,林林总总,森罗万象,其符号释读有形似比拟、传说认定、同理共生、托物联想、象征指事等几种基本方式。从历史的线索看,它们一直处在传承与演变的过程之中,并围绕中心对象、文化内涵、存在形态和传习空间等环节,表现出由祭神而乐人、由巫仪而民俗、由繁缛而简易、由乡村而城市的演变,同时呈现出存续与衰亡交并互见的局面。面对中华传统节日内衍外化的趋势,宜探讨推进其传承的方略。

Traditional Chinese festival includes festival things, festival customs, and festival language. And their in- terpretation has several basic means such as analogy, legend affirmation, mutualism, association, and symbolism. Viewed from historic clue, they are inheriting and evolving centered on object, cultural connotation, survival form, and teaching space. And they change from worshiping the God to pleasing human, from witchcraft to folk custom, from the elaborate to the simple, from the rural to the urban, and present a complex situation of simultaneous occur- ring of existence and decline.