基于RS与GIS的中巴经济走廊生态现状评价

Ecological status in the China-Pakistan economic corridor:assessments by RS and GIS

生态现状评价是开展区域规划和生态管控的前提基础,本研究以遥感(RS)和地理信息系统(GIS)技术为支撑,从地形、生物、土壤和人类活动4个方面构建了生态现状评价指标,并运用层次分析法确定各指标权重,对中巴经济走廊生态现状进行了评价,获得了中巴经济走廊生态现状分布图.结果表明:中巴经济走廊生态状况达到优等级的地区主要分布在中北部的森林覆盖区,其面积约为24 162km^2,占研究区总面积的2.48%;达到良等级的地区主要分布在自然条件良好的东南部农耕区,面积约为169 235km^2,占研究区总面积的17.37%;一般等级的地区面积最大,约为454 510km^2,占总面积的46.65%,广泛分布在巴基斯坦的中西部和中国喀什的中部和东部;差等级的地区面积约为326 390km^2,占总面积的33.50%,主要分布在高山地带和沙漠地区.本研究得到的中巴经济走廊生态现状分布图,可为优化中巴经济走廊的产业类型、结构、规模和布局,完善区域生态保护设施和措施,提升投资区的生态环境治理能力提供数据支撑和规划指导.

Assessing ecological status is essential for regional planning and ecological control. Remote sensing （RS） and geographic information system （GIS） technology were used here to construct an ecostatus as- sessment system from topographical, biological, soil and human activity factors. The ecological status in the China-Pakistan economic corridor was assessed by analytic hierarchy process （AHP） to determine index weight. It was found that 2.48% （24 162 km2） of the research area achieved high level of ecological status, distributed mainly in forest areas in north central parts of China-Pakistan economic corridor. Areas with good level accounted for 17.37M （169 235 kmZ）, distributed mainly in the southeastern agricultural areas with good natural conditions. General level area accounting for 46.65% （454 510 km2） was the largest, distributed widely in the middle and western parts of Pakistan and in the central and eastern Kashi Prefecture. The area percentage of poor level was 33.50% （326 390 km2）, distributed mainly in the alpine and desert areas. The map for ecological status distribution provides data support and planning guidance to optimize industry type, structure, scale and layout of China-Pakistan economic corridor, to improve regional ecological protection facilities and measures, and to improve ecological environment management ~hititv ~~f investment nr^n